PBY-5A Catalina 是一款著名的軍用水上飛機，其歷史始於 1930 年代，由美國 Consolidated 公司研發。其名稱中的 P 代表巡邏（Patrol），B 代表轟炸（Bomber），Y 則是製造商 Consolidated 的代碼，合稱 PBY 巡邏轟炸機。PBY-5A 最大的技術突破在於增設了液壓收放的前三點式起落架，使其從原本只能在水面起降的飛行艇演變為真正的兩棲飛機。這款飛機在二戰中表現卓越，在大西洋反潛戰鬥中建立了不可磨滅的功勳，有效壓制了德國 U 艇的威脅；而在太平洋戰爭中同樣立下赫赫戰功，1942 年中途島海戰中，正是 PBY 率先發現日本艦隊，為美軍奪得戰略先機，隨後著名的黑貓中隊更利用夜間塗裝與長航程優勢，在南太平洋對日軍船隊進行毀滅性打擊。 ​在性能表現上，PBY-5A 並非以速度見長，而是以穩定性與極長的飛行時數聞名。它配備兩具普惠 R-1830 發動機，巡航速度僅約每小時 200 公里，但其最大航程可達 4000 公里，能在空中持續執勤超過 15 小時。機身構造堅固且維修簡易，機側著名的氣泡狀觀測窗提供了極佳的視野，使其成為執行大範圍搜索與偵查
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PBY-5A Catalina 是一款著名的軍用水上飛機，其歷史始於 1930 年代， …
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