"Windup" occurs when the integral term grows indefinitely while the actuator is saturated (at max limit). Standard PID calculates d(Error)/dt. This library calculates ...

BLDC_PID_Controller/ ├── arduino_uno/ # Development implementation │ ├── arduino_uno.ino # Arduino Uno code with serial tuning │ ├── config.h # Configuration header with all settings │ ├── ...

Abstract: This paper presents the development of a Arduino based Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) temperature control system using an Arduino UNO, R-type thermocouple, and solid-state relay (SSR ...

This year I am helping us laugh and possibly learn by making one of my humorous books available to download for free in this year’s first six columns. The fourth book is Logical Thoughts at 4:00 am.

You’ll learn about instrumentation and valves. The article identifies the importance of positioners in fast loops. How first-principle dynamic simulations provide insights into compressor surge, ...

Persistent staff shortages have raised safety concerns. At many facilities, staffing is so low that at least a quarter of the work force is missing. By Aaron Krolik More than 90 percent of the country ...

Hiwonder’s MechDog is a compact AI robot dog powered by an ESP32-S3 controller that drives eight high-speed coreless servos. It features built-in inverse kinematics for precise and agile movements and ...