Spare a moment’s pity for the process engineer, whose job it is to keep industrial automation running no matter what. These poor souls seem to be forever on call, fielding panicked requests to come to ...

Open-collector outputs are useful for transmitting buffered digital/pulse signals to the external world when high drive is needed. In harsh operating environments like automotive systems, however, ...

A bi-directional current source for a grounded load will always have some complication in its construction. The improved Howland Current Pump as shown in Figure 1 is the most frequent choice for this ...

Current sensing devices are often desired in the power supply lines of various circuits, such as battery-powered computers, battery chargers or critical circuits requiring thermal forecasting. Figure ...

Most circuits that require current loss detection use expensive isolation amplifiers. This circuit solves that problem with a simple and low-cost method to detect current loss of 4-20 mA. To view the ...

Short circuit current ratings should not be overlooked during panel design. Negative impacts can occur to production, equipment and, worst case, plant personnel. Per 2014 NEC Article 100, short ...

MEMS technology is nothing new; these devices are around us performing everyday tasks without us realising their existence.