When performing a knee replacement surgery or total knee arthroplasty, doctors traditionally try to align the hip, knee, and ankle in a straight line, forming a neutral alignment, rather than ...

When performing knee replacement surgery, also called total knee arthroplasty, doctors traditionally try to align the hip, knee, and ankle in a straight line, forming a neutral alignment, rather than ...

A patient who underwent total knee arthroplasty maintained a ‘varus’ (outwards) hip-knee-ankle angle, but their joint line angle was changed from apex distal to neutral after surgery. (b) Similarly, ...